AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -What was the most important takeaway from Ivan Pavlov’s experiment with dogs? Classical conditioning involves pairing a behavior and a consequence (reinforcements and punishments). Learning can occur when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus. Food is the greatest motivator.

Detailed explanation-2: -Pavlov’s aim was to use the salivary conditioning method to investigate the function of the brain of higher animals in their adaptation to the external environment.

Detailed explanation-3: -The dogs had learnt to associate the bell with the food and the sound of the bell and salivation was triggered by the sound of the bell. Pavlov showed that classical conditioning leads to learning by association.

Detailed explanation-4: -Pavlov concluded that if a particular stimulus in the dog’s surroundings was present when the dog was given food then that stimulus could become associated with food and cause salivation on its own.

Detailed explanation-5: -Classical conditioning is a form of learning whereby a conditioned stimulus (CS) becomes associated with an unrelated unconditioned stimulus (US) to produce a behavioral response known as a conditioned response (CR).