AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -This kind of conditioning is called Classical conditioning. The learning situation in classical conditioning is one of S-S learning in which one stimulus (e.g., sound of bell) becomes a signal of another stimulus (e.g., food). Here one stimulus signifies the possible occurrence of another stimulus.

Detailed explanation-2: -In classical conditioning, the S–S learning model postulates associations between conditioned and unconditioned stimuli; in instrumental conditioning, the association is between the discriminative stimulus and the reinforcing stimulus or outcome (i.e., the S–O association).

Detailed explanation-3: -As per the S-R theory (Classical Conditioning), a particular stimulus triggers a particular response. This is the basis of Pavlov’s dog experiment where he uses an unconditional stimulus of food to trigger an unconditional response of salivating from the dog.

Detailed explanation-4: -Pavlovian conditioning, also called Classical Conditioning, a type of conditioned learning which occurs because of the subject’s instinctive responses, as opposed to operant conditioning, which is contingent on the willful actions of the subject.

Detailed explanation-5: -Classical conditioning refers to learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus (e.g., a tone) becomes associated with a stimulus (e.g., food) that naturally produces a behaviour. After the association is learned, the previously neutral stimulus is sufficient to produce the behaviour.