LEARNING
LEARNING PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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occurs when an individual’s old response becomes attached to a new stimulus
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learning that occurs as a result of the consequences of behavior
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the gradual disappearance of a conditioned response
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studied salivation responses in dogs
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conditioned an 11-month-old boy to fear laboratory rats
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Detailed explanation-1: -The answer is B. Organisms learn from the consequences of their behavior. In operant conditioning, a behavior is either reinforced or encouraged through a series of punishments and reinforcements.
Detailed explanation-2: -Operant conditioning occurs when a consequence (positive or negative reinforcement or punishment) is paired or ceases to be paired with a behavior and it increases or decreases the likelihood that behavior will recur.
Detailed explanation-3: -Operant conditioning, also called instrumental conditioning, is a learning process where behaviors are modified through the association of stimuli with reinforcement or punishment.
Detailed explanation-4: -Positive reinforcement occurs when the removal of an aversive or unpleasant stimulus following an emitted behavior strengthens the occurrence of the behavior.
Detailed explanation-5: -Operant behavior is behavior “controlled” by its consequences. In practice, operant conditioning is the study of reversible behavior maintained by reinforcement schedules. We review empirical studies and theoretical approaches to two large classes of operant behavior: interval timing and choice.