AP PSYCHOLOGY

LEARNING

LEARNING PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Which of the following best describes the work of Edward Tolman?
A
believed that a person’s behavior is the result of rewards and punishments
B
something that increases the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated
C
argued that learning involved mental processes and could occur without any outward signs of learning
D
system in which individuals are paid to act appropriately
E
learning that occurs by observing others and following their lead
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Latent learning is a type of learning which is not apparent in the learner’s behavior at the time of learning, but which manifests later when a suitable motivation and circumstances appear. This shows that learning can occur without any reinforcement of a behavior. .

Detailed explanation-2: -Answer and Explanation: The answer is B. Organisms learn from the consequences of their behavior. In operant conditioning, a behavior is either reinforced or encouraged through a series of punishments and reinforcements.

Detailed explanation-3: -This is known as latent learning: learning that occurs but is not observable in behavior until there is a reason to demonstrate it.

Detailed explanation-4: -Observational learning is sometimes called shaping, modeling, and vicarious reinforcement. While it can take place at any point in life, it tends to be the most common during childhood. It also plays an important role in the socialization process.

There is 1 question to complete.