AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Observational learning is the process of learning by watching the behaviors of others. The targeted behavior is watched, memorized, and then mimicked. Also known as shaping and modeling, observational learning is most common in children as they imitate behaviors of adults.

Detailed explanation-2: -observational learning, method of learning that consists of observing and modeling another individual’s behavior, attitudes, or emotional expressions.

Detailed explanation-3: -Observational learning, also called social learning theory, occurs when an observer’s behavior changes after viewing the behavior of a model. An observer’s behavior can be affected by the positive or negative consequences–called vicarious reinforcement or vicarious punishment–of a model’s behavior.

Detailed explanation-4: -Observational Learning Examples for Children An infant learns to make and understand facial expressions. A child learns to chew. After witnessing an older sibling being punished for taking a cookie without asking, the younger child does not take cookies without permission. A child learns to walk.

Detailed explanation-5: -According to Bandura, people observe behavior either directly through social interactions with others or indirectly by observing behaviors through media. Actions that are rewarded are more likely to be imitated, while those that are punished are avoided.