LEARNING
OPERANT CONDITIONING
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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an unlearned reaction to an environmental trigger
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a previously neutral stimulus that, through association, has acquired the capacity to provoke a conditioned response
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a learned response that is due to the process of classical conditioning
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an innate stimulus that has the capacity to elicit an unconditioned response
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Detailed explanation-1: -Classical conditioning refers to learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus (e.g., a tone) becomes associated with a stimulus (e.g., food) that naturally produces a behaviour. After the association is learned, the previously neutral stimulus is sufficient to produce the behaviour.
Detailed explanation-2: -In classical conditioning, a conditioned response is a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus. For example, the smell of food is an unconditioned stimulus, a feeling of hunger in response to the smell is an unconditioned response, and the sound of a whistle when you smell the food is a conditioned stimulus.
Detailed explanation-3: -A conditioned stimulus is a stimulus that can eventually trigger a conditioned response. In the described experiment, the conditioned stimulus was the ringing of the bell, and the conditioned response was salivation. It is important to note that the neutral stimulus becomes the conditioned stimulus.
Detailed explanation-4: -The process by which a previously neutral stimulus acquires the capacity to elicit a response through association with a stimulus that already elicits a similar or related response. The response is termed a reflex or a respondent.
Detailed explanation-5: -The conditioned stimulus is also known as classical conditioning or Pavlovian conditioning, named for the Russian scientist Ivan Pavlov who discovered the phenomenon during his experiments with dogs. On the other side of the spectrum from the conditioned stimulus is the unconditioned stimulus.