Buzz is a very clever and sensitive dog. When he was a puppy, he learned that lightning is followed by loud and frightening thunder. Now, when there is a flash of lightning, Buzz begins to tremble even before he hears the thunder. Buzz has also learned that when he sees the lightning he can then run through the dog door into the house, where he feels safer. In this scenario, a distinction can be made between the types of learning because Buzzs trembling at the lightning

OPERANT CONDITIONING

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Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]

Buzz is a very clever and sensitive dog. When he was a puppy, he learned that lightning is followed by loud and frightening thunder. Now, when there is a flash of lightning, Buzz begins to tremble even before he hears the thunder. Buzz has also learned that when he sees the lightning he can then run through the dog door into the house, where he feels safer. In this scenario, a distinction can be made between the types of learning because Buzz’s trembling at the lightning

A	is a voluntary response, whereas running indoors is a reflexive response.
B	is an involuntary response, whereas running indoors is a voluntary response.
C	indicates an active participant, whereas running indoors indicates a passive participant.
D	reflects the process of stimulus generalisation, whereas running indoors reflects the process of stimulus

Explanation:

Detailed explanation-1: -Classical conditioning is a form of learning whereby a conditioned stimulus (CS) becomes associated with an unrelated unconditioned stimulus (US) to produce a behavioral response known as a conditioned response (CR).

Detailed explanation-2: -An unconditioned response is an automatic response to a stimulus. The dogs salivating for food is the unconditioned response in Pavlov’s experiment.

Detailed explanation-3: -The Pavlov theory of learning is built on unconditioned/conditioned stimulus and response. The first time you experience a stimulus, it has little to no impact on you. But after repetition, it will elicit a specific response from you. These stages are before and after conditioning.

Detailed explanation-4: -Explanation: In Pavlov’s experiment, he coupled what was once a neutral stimulus with an association (food) for the dogs. This neutral stimulus became associated with food through a learned process, thus becoming a conditioned stimulus for what was once an unconditioned response.

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AP PSYCHOLOGY

LEARNING

OPERANT CONDITIONING