AP PSYCHOLOGY

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LEARNING

OPERANT CONDITIONING

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Four-year-old Mary always kicked and screamed when her mother dressed her. One morning, Mary’s mother gave her a lollipop and was then relieved to be able to finish dressing Mary in peace and quiet. In terms of operant conditioning, the relief experienced by Mary’s mother when Mary stops kicking and screaming after she has received the lollipop is an example of
A
punishment.
B
response cost.
C
reinforcement.
D
negative reinforcement.
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Spontaneous Recovery: the reappearance, after a rest period, of an extinguished conditioned response.

Detailed explanation-2: -In classical conditioning, a conditioned response is a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus.

Detailed explanation-3: -Negative reinforcement is the type of reinforcement that occurs when an unpleasant stimuli is removed upon performing a behavior. Reinforcement always increases a behavior. In this case, the unpleasant stimulus is the car beeping and the behavior is buckling the seat belt.

Detailed explanation-4: -Operant conditioning, sometimes referred to as instrumental conditioning, is a method of learning that uses rewards and punishment to modify behavior. Through operant conditioning, behavior that is rewarded is likely to be repeated, and behavior that is punished will rarely occur.

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