AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Positive reinforcement: This involves adding something to increase response, such as giving a piece of candy to a child after they clean their room.

Detailed explanation-2: -For example, a student calls out during class to get attention. When the teacher responds, i.e. pays attention to the disruptive student, this response acts as positive reinforcement – therefore, the probability that the student will call out again increases (Smith, 2017).

Detailed explanation-3: -Positive punishment is used in many ways in the classroom. For example, teachers may assign extra school works to students who misbehave. A teacher may also add a “black star” on the behavior chart if a student uses his cell phone in class.

Detailed explanation-4: -There are four types of positive reinforcers: natural, tangible, social, and token. Positive reinforcement can be delivered in experiments as part of a partial fixed schedule.