AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Negative Reinforcement: The act of removing an unpleasant stimulus with the aim of increasing desired behavior.

Detailed explanation-2: -In operant conditioning, “negative” and “positive” refer to whether an unpleasant stimulus is taken away or a pleasant stimulus is added, respectively. “Reinforcement” increases the likelihood a behavior will occur, while “punishment” decreases the likelihood a behavior will occur.

Detailed explanation-3: -Negative punishment happens when a certain reinforcing stimulus is removed after a particular undesired behavior is exhibited, resulting in the behavior happening less often in the future.

Detailed explanation-4: -A negative reinforcer is a stimulus that when removed after a response, will increase the frequency or likelihood of that response. Negative reinforcers can range from uncomfortable physical sensations or interpersonal situations to actions causing severe physical distress.