AP PSYCHOLOGY

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LEARNING

OPERANT CONDITIONING

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Jimmy has a new dog called Deefer. Each week, Jimmy and his dog visit Jimmyês grandmother who loves dogs. When they arrive, Jimmyês grandmother tells Deefer to lie down and roll over, then she gives him a doggy treat. This has happened for a number of weeks and on each visit the same thing happens. After some time, Jimmy is surprised when on one visit they open the front door of his grandmotherês house and Deefer immediately lies down and rolls over without being told! Jimmyês grandmother thinks this is wonderful and gives Deefer another treat. When Deefer rolls over without being told, immediately on entering the grandmotherês front door, the entry to the house has been a
A
consequence.
B
positive reinforcer.
C
behavioural response.
D
discriminative stimulus.
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Both classical and operant conditioning are forms of associative learning where associations are made between events that occur together.

Detailed explanation-2: -Some more examples of unconditioned responses include: Gasping in pain after being stung by a bee. Jerking your hand back after touching a hot plate on the oven. Jumping at the sound of a loud noise.

Detailed explanation-3: -Perhaps the most famous example of conditioned reinforcement is Ivan Pavlov’s experiments with dogs. Pavlov paired food, a primary reinforcer that causes dogs to salivate, with a bell. Whenever Pavlov would present the dogs with food, he would sound the bell.

Detailed explanation-4: -A positive reinforcer is any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response.

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