AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -ESCAPE CONDITIONING: A person’s behavior causes an unpleasant event to stop. AVOIDANCE CONDITIONING: Training of an organism to withdraw from an unpleasant stimulus before it starts.

Detailed explanation-2: -the establishment of behavior that prevents or postpones aversive stimulation. In a typical conditioning experiment, a buzzer is sounded, then a shock is applied to the subject (e.g., a dog) until it performs a particular act (e.g., jumping over a fence).

Detailed explanation-3: -Avoidance is characterized by responding where a mouse actively avoids the oncoming shock by moving to the opposite compartment after the CS is presented. Escape is characterized by responding where a mouse does not respond to the CS, but responds to the US by escaping to the opposite compartment.

Detailed explanation-4: -Negative Reinforcement: The act of removing an unpleasant stimulus with the aim of increasing desired behavior.

Detailed explanation-5: -The classical conditioning process is all about pairing a previously neutral stimulus with another stimulus that naturally produces a response. After pairing the presentation of these two together enough times, an association is formed. The previously neutral stimulus will then evoke the response all on its own.