LEARNING
OPERANT CONDITIONING
|
Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
|
|
|
giving your kid a lollipop when they clean their room
|
|
|
increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing negative stimuli.
|
|
|
increasing behaviors by presenting positive reinforcers
|
|
|
giving your dog a treat after they do a trick
|
Detailed explanation-1: -Negative reinforcement is a method that can be used to help teach specific behaviors. With negative reinforcement, something uncomfortable or otherwise unpleasant is taken away in response to a stimulus. Over time, the target behavior should increase with the expectation that the unpleasant thing will be taken away.
Detailed explanation-2: -Negative reinforcement strengthens a response or behavior by stopping, removing, or avoiding a negative outcome or aversive stimulus. 1 B. F. Skinner first described the term in his theory of operant conditioning.
Detailed explanation-3: -Negative reinforcement occurs when something unpleasant or uncomfortable is removed or taken away in order to increase the likelihood of the desired behavior. Kids want to avoid the nagging, so they do what needs to be done. Thus, taking away something unpleasant, in this case, nagging, results in the desired behavior.
Detailed explanation-4: -Negative reinforcement increases the target behavior by taking away something aversive. Negative punishment decreases the target behavior by taking away something preferred.
Detailed explanation-5: -Many people confuse negative reinforcement with punishment in operant conditioning, but they are two very different mechanisms. Remember that reinforcement, even when it is negative, always increases a behavior. In contrast, punishment always decreases a behavior.