AP PSYCHOLOGY

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LEARNING

OPERANT CONDITIONING

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
When potty-training a toddler, a parent will often start by reinforcing behaviors that are successively closer to the end goal of peeing on the potty, e.g. recognizing the need to pee and just sitting on the potty. This approach is an example of
A
biofeedback
B
latent learning
C
shaping
D
cognitive mapping
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Yes, potty training is an example of operant conditioning in the form of both positive and negative reinforcement.

Detailed explanation-2: -Operant conditioning is a component of other training methods; however, this specific approach is based on both positive and negative reinforcement. Dryness is rewarded with affection, toys or candy, and accidents are dealt with through punishment or lack of positive attention.

Detailed explanation-3: -A child is scolded (unpleasant event) for ignoring homework (undesirable behavior.) A parent gives a child a time-out (unpleasant consequence) for throwing tantrums (unwanted behavior.) The police gives a driver a ticket (unpleasant stimulus) for speeding (unwanted behavior.)

Detailed explanation-4: -Operant conditioning is a form of learning in which the motivation for a behavior happens after the behavior is demonstrated. An animal or a human receives a consequence after performing a specific behavior.

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