AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Classical conditioning in therapies Exposure therapies are often used for anxiety disorders and phobias. The person is exposed to what they fear. Over time they’re conditioned to no longer fear it. Aversion therapy aims to stop a harmful behavior by replacing a positive response with a negative response.

Detailed explanation-2: -Phobias are acquired initially by classical conditioning (learning by association). If an unpleasant emotion is paired with a stimulus, then the two become associated with each other through conditioning. For example, a child being knocked over by a dog associates the unpleasantness of falling over with dogs.

Detailed explanation-3: -The learning of phobias is a very good example of what specific type of classical conditioning? Conditioned Emotional Response (CER).

Detailed explanation-4: -Classical conditioning is a form of unconscious learning that was popularized by Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist. 1 Today, classical conditioning is often used as a therapeutic technique to change or modify negative behaviors, such as substance use.