MOTIVATION EMOTION AND STRESS
HUNGER MOTIVATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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the increased motivation felt by individuals with high levels of arousal.
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the increased susceptibility to illness experienced in the exhaustion phase of the stress response.
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classical conditioning associating nausea with food or drink
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the effect the hypothalamus has on perceiving hunger.
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Detailed explanation-1: -The Garcia effect, discovered by Dr. John Garcia in the 1950s, is a phenomenon in which conditioned taste aversions develop after a specific food becomes associated with a negative reaction, such as nausea or vomiting.
Detailed explanation-2: -The Garcia effect explains that the aversion develops more strongly for stimuli that cause nausea than other stimuli. This is considered an adaptive trait or survival mechanism that enables the organism to avoid poisonous substances (e.g., poisonous berries) before they cause harm.
Detailed explanation-3: -Conditioned taste aversion is a learned association between the taste of a particular food and illness such that the food is considered to be the cause of the illness. As a result of the learned association, there is a hedonic shift from positive to negative in the preference for the food.
Detailed explanation-4: -In a landmark study, Garcia and Koelling (1966) reported that rats made nauseous (with LiCl or x-rays) following exposure to novel taste/audiovisual compound stimulus, acquired much stronger aversions to the taste stimulus than to the audiovisual component.