AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The police revoke the driver’s license (pleasant stimulus) for reckless driving (unwanted behavior.) Students lose recess time (pleasant stimulus) for making too much noise (undesired behavior.)

Detailed explanation-2: -Negative punishment is the opposite of positive punishment. It’s when you take something away from the child until the unwanted behavior changes. An easy example of negative punishment is taking away some sort of toy from the child if they are not staying on task or performing the preferred behavior.

Detailed explanation-3: -Examples of Negative Reinforcement Giving a pass to the car behind to avoid its honking. Getting up from the bed to avoid the noisy alarm. Taking an antacid before having a spicy meal. Applying sunscreen before heading to the beach to avoid getting sunburned.

Detailed explanation-4: -Positive Punishment vs. Negative Reinforcement. Positive punishment is an attempt to influence behavior by adding something unpleasant, while negative reinforcement is an attempt to influence behavior by taking away something unpleasant.

Detailed explanation-5: -Negative reinforcement increases the target behavior by taking away something aversive. Negative punishment decreases the target behavior by taking away something preferred.