AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Alfred Adler identified an inferiority complex as one of the contributing factors to some unhealthy childhood behaviors. Individuals with increased feelings of inferiority have a higher tendency toward self-concealment, which in turn results in an increase in loneliness and a decrease in happiness.

Detailed explanation-2: -Adler departed from other theorists as concerns notions of “the unconscious, ” and “consciousness, ” arguing that “the unconscious is nothing other than that which we have been unable to formulate in clear concepts” (p. 232).

Detailed explanation-3: -Adler recognized four personality types, such as the learning type, the avoiding type, the ruling type, and the socially helpful type.

Detailed explanation-4: -Adler’s theory suggested that every person has a sense of inferiority. From childhood, people work toward overcoming this inferiority by “striving for superiority.” Adler believed that this drive was the motivating force behind human behaviors, emotions, and thoughts.