AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The correct answer is B. (A tend-and-befriend response). Explanation: Oxytocin is a hormone which is released when people, for example, cuddle. The tend-and-befriend response refers to the response to stress characterized by providing support and help and is linked with this hormone.

Detailed explanation-2: -The most well-known situations, which are related to oxytocin release, are labor and breastfeeding, when oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions and milk ejection respectively.

Detailed explanation-3: -Oxytocin can induce anti-stress-like effects such as reduction of blood pressure and cortisol levels. It increases pain thresholds, exerts an anxiolytic-like effect and stimulates various types of positive social interaction. In addition, it promotes growth and healing.

Detailed explanation-4: -Oxytocin triggers feelings of love and protection, which naturally occurs when parents and children look into one another’s eyes or when they embrace. Other relationship-enhancing effects also include empathy, trust, and the processing of bonding cues.

Detailed explanation-5: -Oxytocin, dopamine, and serotonin are often referred to as our “happy hormones.” When you’re attracted to another person, your brain releases dopamine, your serotonin levels increase, and oxytocin is produced. This causes you to feel a surge of positive emotion.