AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Expectancy theory states that employee’s motivation is an outcome of: how much an individual wants a reward (Valence), the assessment that the likelihood that the effort will lead to expected performance (Expectancy) and. the belief that the performance will lead to reward (Instrumentality).

Detailed explanation-2: -Instrumentality: performance → outcome (P→O) Instrumentality is the belief that a person will receive a reward if the performance expectation is met. This reward may present itself in the form of a pay increase, promotion, recognition or sense of accomplishment.

Detailed explanation-3: -Instrumentality is the belief that if you perform well that a valued outcome will be received. The degree to which a first level outcome will lead to the second level outcome.

Detailed explanation-4: -Expectancy theory has three components: expectancy, instrumentality, and valence. Expectancy is the individual’s belief that effort will lead to the intended performance goals.

Detailed explanation-5: -Expectancy is the belief that increased effort put into a task will result in the desired outcome. This may be influenced by the individual’s confidence and the perceived difficulty of the desired goal. Expectancy is the belief that if you raise your efforts, your rewards will increase as well.