AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Victor Harold Vroom created the Expectancy Theory of Motivation in 1964. His study of psychology has shed light on how people behave in the workplace, particularly when it comes to motivation, leadership and decision-making.

Detailed explanation-2: -Vroom’s expectancy theory assumes that behavior results from conscious choices among alternatives whose purpose it is to maximize pleasure and to minimize pain. Vroom realized that an employee’s performance is based on individual factors such as personality, skills, knowledge, experience and abilities.

Detailed explanation-3: -Expectancy-Value Theory (EVT) was developed by Atkinson in 1964 and was further developed and used within educational psychology by Eccles and most recently, Wigfield (Atkinson, 1964; Eccles, 1984; Wigfield & Eccles, 2000).

Detailed explanation-4: -The expectancy theory was developed by Victor Vroom, business school professor at the Yale School of Management, in 1964. It states that the “intensity of work effort depends on the perception that an individual’s effort will result in the desired outcome."