AP PSYCHOLOGY

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MOTIVATION EMOTION AND STRESS

THEORIES AND PHYSIOLOGY OF EMOTION

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
You are walking down a dark alley late at night. You hear footsteps behind you and you begin to tremble, your heart beats faster, and your breathing deepens. Upon noticing this arousal you realize that it comes from the fact that you are walking down a dark alley by yourself. This behavior is dangerous and therefore you feel the emotion of fear.
A
Common Sense Theory
B
Cannon-Bard Theory
C
James-Lange Theory
D
Schachter-Singer (Two Factor Theory)
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, our experience of an emotion is the result of the arousal that we experience. This approach proposes that the arousal and the emotion are not independent, but rather that the emotion depends on the arousal.

Detailed explanation-2: -The James–Lange theory proposes that emotional stimuli first induce peripheral physiological variations, which occur without consciousness of affect. These bodily responses are further interpreted by the brain to produce the feeling state of an emotion (Critchley, 2009).

Detailed explanation-3: -From this view, cognitive appraisals occur after the felt emotion (after physiological and behavior changes). For example, we might hear a gunshot and experience fear, which is then followed by cognitive appraisals of unexpectedness and ability to cope.

Detailed explanation-4: -According to Cannon-Bard theory of emotion, physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously, yet independently. This theory was proposed in the 1920s and early 1930s by Walter B. Cannon and Philip Bard.

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