AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Taking on the characteristics of someone viewed as successful. Hence, substantiation is not a defense mechanism exhibited by a child.

Detailed explanation-2: -Both Freuds studied defence mechanisms, but Anna spent more of her time and research on five main mechanisms: repression, regression, projection, reaction formation, and sublimation. All defence mechanisms are responses to anxiety and how the consciousness and unconscious manage the stress of a social situation.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hence, it could be concluded that ‘Ingratiation’ is not a defence mechanism.

Detailed explanation-4: -This list is sometimes shortened to provide only seven main defense mechanisms, which are denial, displacement, projection, rationalization, reaction formation, repression, and sublimation.

Detailed explanation-5: -Here are a few common defense mechanisms: Denial. Repression. Projection. Displacement.