AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Bandura also studied a naturally-varying IV: (3) whether the child was male or female. This makes the study both a lab experiment and a natural experiment. It is a Matched Pairs design because the children saw different role models but had been matched on starting aggression.

Detailed explanation-2: -Method and Design Bandura, Ross and Ross (1961) used a laboratory experiment with a matched participants design. There were three independent variables: Whether the child witnessed an aggressive or a non-aggressive adult model in the first phase of the experiment (a control group was not exposed to an adult model).

Detailed explanation-3: -According to Bandura’s social learning theory, learning occurs through observations and interactions with other people. Essentially, people learn by watching others and then imitating these actions.

Detailed explanation-4: -The children were matched on the basis of their pre-existing aggressiveness. They did this by observing the children in the nursery school and judged their aggressive behavior on four 5-point rating scales.