AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Self-efficacy It concerns an individual’s belief in their capabilities to successfully control actions or events in their lives. These beliefs are based on the individual feeling that they possess the requisite cognitive abilities, motivation, and resources to complete the task (Wood & Bandura, 1989).

Detailed explanation-2: -SCT provides opportunities for social support through instilling expectations, self-efficacy, and using observational learning and other reinforcements to achieve behavior change.

Detailed explanation-3: -Self-regulation and self-efficacy are pathways to experiencing a greater sense of agency or agentic perspective (Bandura, 2001). Use of self-regulatory skills increases a students’ feelings of efficacy about learning and performing well; this in turn leads to increased motivation, effort, persistence, and learning.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cognitive theories are characterized by their focus on the idea that how and what people think leads to the arousal of emotions and that certain thoughts and beliefs lead to disturbed emotions and behaviors and others lead to healthy emotions and adaptive behavior.