AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Vicarious experience is a form of modeling, and it involves obtaining capability information by observing the performance of others. An individual’s ability affects his or her sense of self-efficacy, but self-efficacy is also affected by observing other people’s performance or achievement.

Detailed explanation-2: -Bandura (1997) proposed four sources of self-efficacy: mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and physiological and affective states.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mastery Experiences The first and foremost source of self-efficacy is through mastery experiences. However nothing is more powerful than having a direct experience of mastery to increase self-efficacy.

Detailed explanation-4: -Social modelling Witnessing other people successfully completing a task is another important source of self-efficacy. “Seeing people similar to oneself succeed by sustained effort raises observer’s beliefs that they too possess the capabilities to master comparable activities.”