AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -1: Darwin’s Finches: Darwin observed that beak shape varies among finch species. He postulated that the beak of an ancestral species had adapted over time to equip the finches to acquire different food sources.

Detailed explanation-2: -Evolution in Darwin’s finches is characterized by rapid adaptation to an unstable and challenging environment leading to ecological diversification and speciation. This has resulted in striking diversity in their phenotypes (for instance, beak types, body size, plumage, feeding behavior and song types).

Detailed explanation-3: -They found the offsprings’ beaks to be 3 to 4% larger than their grandparents’. The Grants had documented natural selection in action. While beak size is clearly related to feeding strategies, it is also related to reproduction. Female finches tend to mate with males that have the same size beaks.

Detailed explanation-4: -Darwin wondered about the changes in shape of bird beaks from island to island.

Detailed explanation-5: -The Galápagos finches are a classic example of adaptive radiation. Their common ancestor arrived on the islands a few million years ago. Since then, a single species has evolved into different species that are adapted to fill different lifestyles.