AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Option D-The theory of functionalism given by William James, was heavily influenced by Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection. Darwin’s theory was based on the idea that every trait and physical characteristic in humans which has evolved over time, had served humans to adapt to their environment.

Detailed explanation-2: -Functionalism and Evolutionary Psychology James and the other members of the functionalist school (Figure 1.5) were influenced by Charles Darwin’s (1809-1882) theory of natural selection, which proposed that the physical characteristics of animals and humans evolved because they were useful, or functional.

Detailed explanation-3: -Darwin was influenced by other early thinkers, including Lamarck, Lyell, and Malthus. Darwin was also influenced by his knowledge of artificial selection. Wallace’s paper on evolution confirmed Darwin’s ideas.

Detailed explanation-4: -Charles Darwin was a British naturalist who proposed the theory of biological evolution by natural selection. Darwin defined evolution as “descent with modification, ” the idea that species change over time, give rise to new species, and share a common ancestor.

Detailed explanation-5: -James and Functionalism Key to that theory is the idea that natural selection leads to organisms that are adapted to their environment, including their behavior. Adaptation means that a trait of an organism has a function for the survival and reproduction of the individual, because it has been naturally selected.