AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -hindsight bias, the tendency, upon learning an outcome of an event-such as an experiment, a sporting event, a military decision, or a political election-to overestimate one’s ability to have foreseen the outcome.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hindsight bias is a psychological phenomenon that allows people to convince themselves after an event that they accurately predicted it before it happened. This can lead people to conclude that they can accurately predict other events.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hindsight bias is the tendency for people with outcome knowledge to exaggerate the extent to which they would have predicted the event beforehand, while outcome bias refers to the influence of outcome knowledge upon evaluations of decision quality.

Detailed explanation-4: -This model emphasizes unique interconnections between inputs and consequences with regard to three levels of hindsight bias: memory distortion (“I said it would happen”), inevitability (“It had to happen”), and foreseeability (“I knew it would happen”).