AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In social research, particularly in psychology, the term demand characteristic refers to an experimental artifact where participants form an interpretation of the experiment’s purpose and subconsciously change their behavior to fit that interpretation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Answer and Explanation: When participants in a study change their behaviour for the better simply because they know they are being observed is called as Hawthorne effect . Hawthorne effect is a form of response which modifies the behaviour of the participants realizing that they are being noticed.

Detailed explanation-3: -In research, demand characteristics are cues that might indicate the research objectives to participants. These cues can lead participants to change their behaviors or responses based on what they think the research is about. Demand characteristics are problematic because they can bias your research findings.

Detailed explanation-4: -Demand Characteristics is a term used in Cognitive Psychology to denote the situation where the results of an experiment are biased because the experimenters’ expectancies regarding the performance of the participants on a particular task create an implicit demand for the participants to perform as expected.