AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An extraneous variable is eliminated, for example, if background noise that might reduce the audibility of speech is removed. Unknown extraneous variables can be controlled by randomization. Randomization ensures that the expected values of the extraneous variables are identical under different conditions.

Detailed explanation-2: -In an experiment, an extraneous variable is any variable that you’re not investigating that can potentially affect the outcomes of your research study. If left uncontrolled, extraneous variables can lead to inaccurate conclusions about the relationship between independent and dependent variables.

Detailed explanation-3: -The researcher wants to make sure that it is the manipulation of the independent variable that has an effect on the dependent variable. Hence, all the other variables that could affect the dependent variable to change must be controlled. These other variables are called extraneous or confounding variables.