AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Example: Selection bias Health studies that recruit participants directly from clinics miss all the cases who don’t attend those clinics or seek care during the study. Due to this, the sample and the target population may differ in significant ways, limiting your ability to generalize your findings.

Detailed explanation-2: -A distinction, albeit not universally accepted, of sampling bias is that it undermines the external validity of a test (the ability of its results to be generalized to the entire population), while selection bias mainly addresses internal validity for differences or similarities found in the sample at hand.

Detailed explanation-3: -In a case-control study of smoking and chronic lung disease, the association of exposure with disease will tend to be weaker if controls are selected from a hospital population (because smoking causes many diseases resulting in hospitalization) than if controls are selected from the community.