AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The correct answer is option (d). Random assignment gives equal chance to all the participants to be in the experimental as well as the control group. It reduces the probability of any systematic differences between the two groups in the experiment.

Detailed explanation-2: -Random assignment helps reduce the chances of systematic differences between the groups at the start of an experiment and, thereby, mitigates the threats of confounding variables and alternative explanations.

Detailed explanation-3: -Random assignment enhances the internal validity of the study, because it ensures that there are no systematic differences between the participants in each group. This helps you conclude that the outcomes can be attributed to the independent variable.

Detailed explanation-4: -Random selection, or random sampling, is a way of selecting members of a population for your study’s sample. In contrast, random assignment is a way of sorting the sample into control and experimental groups.

Detailed explanation-5: -By randomly assigning subjects to be in the group that receives the treatment or to be in the control group, researchers can measure the effect of the mobilization method regardless of other factors that may make some people or groups more likely to participate in the political process.