AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -What is the Null Hypothesis? The null hypothesis states that there is no relationship between two population parameters, i.e., an independent variable and a dependent variable. If the hypothesis shows a relationship between the two parameters, the outcome could be due to an experimental or sampling error.

Detailed explanation-2: -A statistical hypothesis in which there is no relationship between two variables (or a set of variables) is called a null hypothesis. It states that the population parameter is equal to the assumed (hypothesized) value.

Detailed explanation-3: -A type I error (false-positive) occurs if an investigator rejects a null hypothesis that is actually true in the population; a type II error (false-negative) occurs if the investigator fails to reject a null hypothesis that is actually false in the population.

Detailed explanation-4: -The null hypothesis is a typical statistical theory which suggests that no statistical relationship and significance exists in a set of given single observed variable, between two sets of observed data and measured phenomena.

Detailed explanation-5: -Null Hypothesis: On the average, the dosage sold under this brand is 50 mg (population mean dosage = 50 mg). Alternative Hypothesis: On the average, the dosage sold under this brand is not 50 mg (population mean dosage ≠ 50 mg). This is a two-sided alternative hypothesis.