AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A perceptual set refers to a predisposition to perceive things in a certain way. In other words, we often tend to notice only certain aspects of an object or situation while ignoring other details.

Detailed explanation-2: -Perceptual set theory stresses the idea of perception as an active process involving selection, inference and interpretation (known as top-down processing). The concept of perceptual set is important to the active process of perception.

Detailed explanation-3: -Mental sets: Psychological sets that rely on familiar ways of solving problems. Perceptual sets: Psychological sets that rely on familiar ways of perceiving stimuli. Schema: A cognitive framework, based on previous knowledge and experiences, that helps humans organize and interpret incoming information.

Detailed explanation-4: -Perception is not a passive process, but involves the active interpretation of information derived from the sensory organs (Noe 2004). Perception is therefore dependent on both the ‘bottom-up’ processing of sensory information and its ‘top-down’ modulation by higher mental faculties.

Detailed explanation-5: -The question for cognitive psychologists is how we manage to accomplish these feats so rapidly and (usually) without error. The vast topic of perception can be subdivided into visual perception, auditory perception, olfactory perception, haptic (touch) perception, and gustatory (taste) percep-tion.