AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -when the representation at the eye (retinal image) is variant with change in observer position, posture, and movement. These constancies are consequent on stimuli for object distance and observer posture and motion. When the retinal image is invariant and these stimuli are manipulated, perceptual illusions occur.

Detailed explanation-2: -Types of Perceptual Constancy. There are several types of perceptual constancy, but the four primary types are size, shape, color, and brightness. That is, an observer’s recognition of an object can remain constant even if the objects size, shape, color, or brightness may appear to change.

Detailed explanation-3: -Perceptual constancy is responsible for the ability to identify objects under various conditions, which seem to be “taken into account” during a process of mental reconstitution of the known image. For example, snow appears white in the low illumination of moonlight, as well as in sunlight 800, 000 times as bright.

Detailed explanation-4: -Examples of perceptual constancy include brightness constancy, color constancy, shape constancy, and size constancy.