AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Top-down processing is information processing guided by high-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions by filtering information through our experience and expectations. Sensation. the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment.

Detailed explanation-2: -Top-down processing: information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations.

Detailed explanation-3: -Bottom-up and top-down processing are two different ways of making sense of stimuli. In bottom-up processing, we allow the stimulus itself to shape our perception, without any preconceived ideas. In top-down processing, we use our background knowledge and expectations to interpret what we see.

Detailed explanation-4: -What Is Top-Down Processing? In top-down processing, perceptions begin with the most general and move toward the more specific. These perceptions are heavily influenced by our expectations and prior knowledge. 1 Put simply, your brain applies what it knows to fill in the blanks and anticipate what’s next.

Detailed explanation-5: -In top-down processing, perceptions are interpreted from individual frameworks that help us perceive and interpret information. These frameworks, also known as schemas, are constructed from past experiences, prior knowledge, emotions, and expectations (Piaget, 1953).