AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A long microvilli, or gustatory hair, from each gustatory receptor cell within the taste bud projects through the taste pore. Gustatory hairs generate action potentials when stimulated by chemicals that are dissolved in the saliva. Basal cells are actively dividing epithelial cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -Taste receptor cells sense various chemical compounds in foods and transmit these signals through gustatory nerve fibers to the central nervous system.

Detailed explanation-3: -Taste buds present in different papillae in tongue and palate contain taste receptor cells (TRC) which contain taste G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Left side shows how afferent nerves transmit a signal to the gustatory cortex in brain via cranial/glossopharyngeal nerves.

Detailed explanation-4: -The taste receptor cells within a bud are arranged such that their tips form a small taste pore, and through this pore microvilli from the taste cells extend.