AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Photoreceptors are specialized neurons found in the retina that convert light into electrical signals that stimulate physiological processes. Signals from the photoreceptors are sent through the optic nerve to the brain for processing.

Detailed explanation-2: -Retinal photoreceptor cells contain a specialized outer segment (OS) compartment that functions in the capture of light and its conversion into electrical signals in a process known as phototransduction.

Detailed explanation-3: -Upon excitation from a laser or other light energy source, photoreceptor molecules transition from a lower energy state to a higher energy state. During this process, electrons of photoreceptor absorbs the energy, and turn into excited state therefore change photoreceptors form.

Detailed explanation-4: -The cornea and the lens help to focus the light rays onto the back of the eye (retina). The cells in the retina absorb and convert the light to electrochemical impulses which are transferred along the optic nerve and then to the brain.

Detailed explanation-5: -The retina also contains the nerves that tell the brain what the photoreceptors are “seeing.” There are two types of photoreceptors involved in sight: rods and cones. Rods work at very low levels of light.