AP PSYCHOLOGY

STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS

DREAMS

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
“Tolerance” for a drug means that the brain and the body:
A
adjust to the drug and use it with no ill effects
B
no longer get any effect from using the drug
C
shut out the drug, which passes harmlessly through the system
D
require increasingly larger doses of the drug to achieve the same effect
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -A person may develop tolerance to a drug when the drug is used repeatedly. For instance, when morphine or alcohol is used for a long time, larger and larger doses must be taken to produce the same effect.

Detailed explanation-2: -The following are some of these risks: Chronic Pain: Because of the impact that large doses of medications can have on the body, drug tolerance can also contribute to chronic pain or weakness. Immune-Related Conditions: Drug tolerance can negatively impact the body’s immune system and its ability to fight off diseases.

Detailed explanation-3: -Tolerance happens through changes at the cellular level. It’s the result of the brain restoring balance after it’s repeatedly overstimulated by a drug. As balance is restored, neurons, synapses, and entire brain regions start to work differently. The brain sets a new normal that includes effects of the drug.

Detailed explanation-4: -Following repeated exposure, the effects of a drug can either be unchanged, lessened, or increased. When a drug’s effects are diminished following exposure to it, the change is called tolerance, when they are enhanced the change is called sensitization.

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