AP PSYCHOLOGY

STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS

PSYCHOLOGY OF SLEEP

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
The major difference between nightmares and night terrors is that:
A
Nightmares occur within deep sleep (NREM 4)
B
Night terrors occur within deep sleep (NREM 4)
C
Night terrors are easily remembered
D
Nightmares occur more often in children
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Whilst nightmares occur during REM (dream) sleep, night terrors occur during NREM (usually stage 3) sleep. As a result, they differ in several ways: Confusion: Upon waking after a night terror people are generally confused and disoriented. After a nightmare, people orient themselves on waking.

Detailed explanation-2: -Sleep terrors differ from nightmares. The dreamer of a nightmare wakes up from the dream and may remember details, but a person who has a sleep terror episode remains asleep. Children usually don’t remember anything about their sleep terrors in the morning.

Detailed explanation-3: -Sleep terrors tend to occur within the first three hours of the major sleep episode, during arousal from stage three or four non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep.

Detailed explanation-4: -Night terrors are like nightmares, except that nightmares usually occur during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and are most common in the early morning. Night terrors usually happen in the first half of the night.

Detailed explanation-5: -It is during these REM episodes that brain structures in the default network exert influence, and it is during REM sleep that vividly recalled dreams occur most often. Nightmares tend to happen during the period of sleep when REM intervals lengthen; these usually occur halfway through slumber.

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