AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Francis Galton (1822-1911), a cousin of Charles Darwin, is credited with first envisioning a science of nature versus nurture.

Detailed explanation-2: -The phrase ‘nature versus nurture’ was first coined in the mid-1800s by the English Victorian polymath Francis Galton in discussion about the influence of heredity and environment on social advancement.

Detailed explanation-3: -Based on his study, Galton concluded that nature has a larger effect than nurture on development. By studying twins, Galton introduced a way to examine the effects of nature and nurture in people who were born with similar traits, which allowed him to focus on the effects of experience on a person’s development.

Detailed explanation-4: -Sir Francis Galton was a British science writer and amateur researcher of the late nineteenth century. He contributed greatly to the fields of statistics, experimental psychology and biometry. In the history of biology, Galton is widely regarded as the originator of the early twentieth century eugenics movement.

Detailed explanation-5: -Galton’s eugenics was a program to artificially produce a better human race through regulating marriage and thus procreation. Galton put particular emphasis on “positive eugenics", aimed at encouraging the physically and mentally superior members of the population to choose partners with similar traits.