TESTING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
STUDYING GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON INTELLIGENCE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Nothing, because the type of twin has not been held constant
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There is an environmental effect on intelligence
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There is a genetic effect on intelligence
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Nothing, because cultural differences have not been considered
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There is a behavioral effect on intelligence
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Detailed explanation-1: -Explanation: Since identical twins share 100 percent of their DNA and fraternal twins only 50, as well as any other siblings and since both identical and fraternal twins in this example were raised together, which means they shared environment, this leads to conclusion that genes have an effect on intelligence. D.
Detailed explanation-2: -In this investigation, researchers found that identical twins raised together and identical twins raised apart exhibit a higher correlation between their IQ scores than siblings or fraternal twins raised together (Bouchard, Lykken, McGue, Segal, & Tellegen, 1990).
Detailed explanation-3: -Knowing the intelligence score of one fraternal twin raised together with their sibling allows predicting the other twin’s score with an accuracy of 55%.
Detailed explanation-4: -The IQ correlation for identical twins raised apart is much lower than for fraternal twins raised together. children adopted in the early years attain IQs that, on average, match the scores of their adoptive parents’ biological children and the scores of nonadopted peers in their schools and communities.
Detailed explanation-5: -These studies showed that IQ is very heritable (although the environment still plays a role in determining your IQ). We can tell this because the IQ of identical twins are almost always the same and non-identical twins are only sometimes the same.