AP PSYCHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Self-instruction techniques involve the use of self-statements to direct or self-regulate behavior (Graham et al., 1992). Put simply, children quite literally learn to “talk themselves through” a task or activity.

Detailed explanation-2: -Young children who talk themselves through the shoe-tying process or a medical student who mentally rehearses the procedural steps while engaged in an injury evaluation are using self-instruction, which uses language to self-regulate behavior.

Detailed explanation-3: -Meichenbaum created a self-instructional training program (SIT) for impulsive children. It combines strategies designed to modify maladaptive self-talk with knowledge of the development manner in which children learn by modeling behavior.

Detailed explanation-4: -a form of cognitive behavior therapy used to modify maladaptive beliefs and cognitions and develop new skills in an individual. The therapist identifies the client’s maladaptive thoughts (e.g., “Everybody hates me”) and models appropriate behavior while giving spoken constructive self-instructions (or self-statements).