GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Chondrocyte death may be induced by mechanical injury, the loss of the extracellular matrix, loss of growth factors, or excessive levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [49] (Figure 1). Abnormal mechanical loading is a major risk factor for the development of OA.

Detailed explanation-2: -This growth within a tissue is called interstitial growth. Most of the chondrocytes in the zone of calcified matrix, the zone closest to the diaphysis, are dead because the matrix around them has calcified, restricting nutrient diffusion.

Detailed explanation-3: -Blood Supply and Lymphatics Since there is no direct blood supply, chondrocytes receive nourishment via diffusion from the surrounding environment. The compressive forces that regularly act on cartilage also increase the diffusion of nutrients.