GENERAL HISTOLOGY

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EXCRETORY SYSTEM

KIDNEY

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
If you are dehydrated (low water potential in the blood), the body must conserve water. To do so, the brain triggers the pituitary gland to ____
A
release MORE ADH, making the collecting duct MORE permeable
B
release LESS ADH, making the collecting duct LESS permeable
C
release MORE ADH, making the collecting duct LESS permeable
D
release LESS ADH, making the collecting duct MORE permeable
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Dehydration causes the hypothalamus to release ADH (antidiuretic hormone) via the posterior pituitary gland. The ADH signal tells the kidneys to recover water from urine, which dilutes the blood plasma.

Detailed explanation-2: -ADH reduces water loss via lowered urine volume.

Detailed explanation-3: -Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is a chemical produced in the brain that causes the kidneys to release less water, decreasing the amount of urine produced. A high ADH level causes the body to produce less urine.

Detailed explanation-4: -There are two major stimuli for ADH release: elevated plasma osmolality and decreased effective circulating volume. Increased plasma osmolality causes shrinkage of a specialized group of cells in the hypothalamus called osmoreceptors.

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