GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The proximal convoluted tubule is lined by a simple cuboidal epithelium with a brush border of microvilli, which greatly increase the surface area of the inner lining of the tubule in order to maximize the number of active and passive transport proteins in the lining cell membranes.

Detailed explanation-2: -To allow absorption, cells consists of various small villi. These microvilli present in PCT are responsible for increasing the surface area for absorption and digestion. Microvilli are also found in apical surface of small intestine to absorb nutrients.

Detailed explanation-3: -Microvilli form the brush border in PCT and due to which, the brush border surface area of PCT increases. It provides a maximum area for absorption of nutrients. 150 microvilli are found per square micron of PCT. PCT reabsorbs about 99% from the fluid filtered by the glomerulus.

Detailed explanation-4: -The lining of the proximal convoluted tubule is composed of a single layer of epithelial cells, which are adapted to carry out reabsorption in several ways: Microvilli. Co-transporter proteins. A high number of mitochondria.