GENERAL HISTOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Water is the most abundant molecule in a cell. Although the plasma membrane separates the interior of the cell from its extracellular environment, specialized membrane channels facilitate water transport across these biomembranes. Such water channels, which are in the form of proteins, are called aquaporins.

Detailed explanation-2: -The aquaporin 2 water channel plays an essential role in maintaining the body’s water balance. The placement of these channels is controlled by a hormone called vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Detailed explanation-3: -Aquaporin is water channel protein that transports water molecules across the biomembrane (109, 110). In particular, AQP2 is the critical water channel protein for vasopressin-mediated water reabsorption, which is localized in the kidney connecting tubules and collecting ducts (29, 121).

Detailed explanation-4: -Aquaporin-2 (AQP-2) is found in the apical cell membranes of the kidney’s collecting duct principal cells and in intracellular vesicles located throughout the cell. It is encoded by the AQP2 gene.