MRCP UK EXAMINATIONS

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CARDIOLOGY

PROSTHETIC HEART VALVES

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
An elderly woman is admitted to the ER with fever, chills, and dizziness. She is certain that she ahd a valve replaced but does not have a scar on her chest, and there is no previous echo report available. Echo findings include a very bright AOV annulus with an unusual cusp and moderate AR; what is most likely the diagnosis?
A
mechanical AOV with pannus
B
native AOV with IE
C
porcine AOV with PVE
D
TAVR with PVE
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Answer: Yes, there’s a minimally invasive procedure that uses a catheter–TAVR–that may be a better choice for some people who are at moderate to high risk of complications from open heart surgery. TAVR stands for transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Detailed explanation-2: -When the left ventricle relaxes, the aortic valve closes and the mitral valve opens. This lets blood flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle. The left atrium contracts. This lets even more blood to flow into the left ventricle.

Detailed explanation-3: -aortic valve: located between the left ventricle and the aorta.

Detailed explanation-4: -The most common type of leaky valve is mitral regurgitation, and a mitral clip-the MitraClip-is the only FDA-approved noninvasive valve repair treatment that treats this type of leaky valve. This is a transcatheter edge-to-edge repair device that clips together faulty leaflets, reducing valve leakage.

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