CLINICAL ENCOUNTERS
DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Growth of new vessels to bypass the damaged blood vessel
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Fluid which collected under the macula
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Bleeding in the retina
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Accumulation of serum proteins and lipids deposit in the retina from vascular leakage
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Detailed explanation-1: -Hard exudates (HEs) in the retina are one of the hallmark signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and, when present within the macular region, indicate the presence or previous existence of diabetic maculopathy.
Detailed explanation-2: -Retinal findings in background diabetic retinopathy, including blot hemorrhages (long arrow), microaneurysms (short arrow), and hard exudates (arrowhead). Increased permeability of these vessels results in leakage of fluid and proteinaceous material, which clinically appears as retinal thickening and exudates.
Detailed explanation-3: -Advanced diabetic retinopathy results in: Recurrent vitreous haemorrhage from bleeding areas of neovascularisation. Tractional retinal detachments as areas of neovascularisation grow into the vitreous and form fibrous bands suspending the retina.